溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerativecolitis，UC)，简称溃结，原因不明的直肠或结肠炎性疾病。主要累及直肠、乙状结肠和降结肠，病理特征为粘膜充血、水肿、多发性浅表溃疡，晚期肠壁增厚、肠腔狭窄并伴有息肉形成。临床上以顽固性腹泻、粘液便、血便或脓血便、腹痛和里急后重为特点，并可伴有发热、贫血、关节炎、皮肤病变和肝病等肠外表现。极少急性发病，多数起病缓慢，病程较长，常反复发作，间以长短不定的缓解期，亦称为慢性非特异性溃疡性结肠炎。早期可出现腹痛、腹泻和血便。由于结肠肌肉痉挛、结...
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