胸膜腔积聚血液称血胸,同时积聚血液和空气者称血气胸。在胸部创伤病员中血胸很常见。出血可来自肋间血管、胸廓内血管、肺裂伤或心脏和胸内大血管创伤。血胸的数量取决于血管破口的大小,血压高低和出血持续的时间,肺组织出血大多数由于肋骨骨折断端刺破胸膜和肺所引致。由于破裂的血管小,肺循环血压低,出血处常能被血块所封闭而自行停止,一般出血量不多。肋间动脉或胸廓内动脉破裂,由于体循环动脉血压高,出血不易自行停止,出血量较多。心脏或胸内大血管如主动脉及其分支,上、下腔静脉和肺动静脉破裂,出血量...
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