食管狭窄一般是指食管良性疾病（不含肿瘤）或并发症引起食管腔狭窄，食管良性狭窄有先天性和后天性原因，前者极为罕见。多为一段食管局限性增厚狭窄或是食管粘膜有环状瓣状隔膜；后者以瘢痕性狭窄最为多见。先天性食管狭窄(congenitalesophagostenosis，CES)是指生后即已存在的因食管壁结构内在狭窄的畸形。特征表现是进餐后的食物反流，摄取半固体或固体食物时症状更加明显。反流物中主要为唾液和消化不良的乳汁或食物，并无酸味亦不含胆汁。患者可出现呛咳或发绀。年长儿受事物压迫...
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